Design and implement adaptive testing systems using Item Response Theory (IRT). Use when working with computerized adaptive tests (CAT), psychometric assessment, ability estimation, question calibration, test design, or IRT models (1PL/2PL/3PL). Covers test algorithms, stopping rules, item selection strategies, and practical implementation patterns for K-12, certification, placement, and diagnostic assessments.

使用项目反应理论设计和实现自适应测试系统，适用于计算机化自适应测试、心理测量评估、能力估计、题目校准、测试设计及IRT模型（1PL/2PL/3PL）。涵盖测试算法、终止规则、题目选择策略，以及适用于K-12教育、认证、分班和诊断性评估的实用实现模式。